Frankenstein :: essays research papers

Introduction to FrankensteinThe ethical debate concerning biotechnological exploration into genetic re- construct has created a monster in itself. A multitude of ethical questions arises when considering the effect of creating a genetically engineered human being. Does man or science have the right on to create liveliness through unnatural means? Should morality dictate these technological advancements and their effects on society? The questions and concerns be infinite, but so to are the curiosities, which continue to perpetuate the advancement of biotechnological science. In order to contemplate the effects that science can have on our society we can look clog in history and literature to uncover the potentiality of our future endeavors. From a historic perspective, the ethical concerns about atomic fusion serves as an important prophylactic guide. In its conception the prospect was for the betterment of man however the result may eventually bring our demise with the eminent threat of nuclear warfare. In literature, Mary Shelleys Frankenstein serves as a bioethical exhortation for todays technological advances in genetic cloning. Mary Shellys Frankenstein provides a clear indication between the theoretical grandeur of mans ability to scientifically produce life and the stark reality, which it encompasses. Mary prophetically illustrates some of the potential hazards of severance through the barrier that separates man from God. Her insight allows the reader to trace these repercussions through Victor Frankenstein, the monster, and eventually society. The character of Victor Frankenstein illustrates the path of destruction scientists can create when ignoring their moral community. Individuals, who possess good ambition for knowledge, power, self-perfection, and strength in ones society, are vulnerable to their own delusions and instability, to corruption, fate, and nature. Victor was so impassioned with his lifes work that he had lost all soul or sensati on but for this one pursuit (Shelley 32). Frankensteins blinding ambition prevented him from comprehend the potential consequences of his actions until it was to late. The first sign of Victors fatal flaw of egotism in that he has forgotten the bond he has with nature and to the the great unwashed he loves. A new species would bless me as its creator and source many happy and excellent natures would owe their being to me (Shelley 32). His absence of moral judgments is the throttle for what becomes the demise of the creature, society and ironically himself. It would be years before Victor fully realized that his neglect of moral obligation to the creature and society had unleashed a hideous monster that would eventually destroy his society as revenge for the monsters sense of abandonment.

The Nature of Aggression (or is it Nurture?) Essay -- Biology Essays R

The Nature of Aggression (or is it Nurture?) Every night on the watchword there are reports about murders, wars, and rapes. But the news isnt the only place where large number encounter violent or aggressive behavior. Driving home from work, great deal get cut off and cussed at on a daily basis. At school, children fight over who will be the first in the lunch line. On the street, nation get pushed out of the counsel if they are not walking fast enough. The list could go on and on and on. The layer is that humans exhibit aggressive behavior on a regular basis. However, does anyone know why people display these behaviors? Why do certain people seem more aggressive? Is there just one thing that controls when and how aggressive someone becomes? These are all questions that researchers have been addressing for many years. In item there has been quite a debate over what causes people to be aggressive. However, in auberge to try to understand where aggression may stem from, you mu st(prenominal) understand how aggression is defined as well as all of the possibilities that may cause it.Aggression is an action. It is intended to harm someone. It can be a verbal attack--insults, threats, sarcasm, or attributing nasty motives to them--or a physical punishment or restriction (1). Aggression also seems to be a way of maintaining social order among many species. Animals compete with each other over food, mates, and dwelling spaces, often showing aggression and occurring among virtually all vertebrate species, including humans. However, if aggression is an effective way of maintaining social order, reckless violence appears to be a poor survival mechanism. Nevertheless, this trait has not been wiped out. Since it hasnt disappeared, it is logical that researchers hav... ...e one conclusive answer to why people are aggressive, it doesnt mean that a combination of theories cant be right or that someday, researchers will find the answer.WWW Sources1) ANGER AND incursio n , Psychological Self-Help Chapter 7http//mentalhelp.net/psyhelp/chap7/2)THEORIES OF AGGRESSIONhttp//www.unn.ac.uk/academic/ss/psychology/resource/it/1/HAZ.HTM3)Aggression http//library.thinkquest.org/26618/gather/database/12/4) University of Plymouth Department of Psychology PSY124 Integrative Topics in Psychology Aggression http//salmon.psy.plym.ac.uk/year1/inttopic/aggression.html5) Features of American Drinking and military group , WAGUESPACK SEMINARS AND WORKSHOPS http//distanceceus.homestead.com/alcohol_abuse.html6) LARGE-SCALE STUDY LINKS SEROTONIN LEVELS , AGGRESSION (Crime Times)http//www.crime-times.org/98b/w98bp1.htm

Personality Traits Of Hamlet :: essays research papers

In the play small town, Hamlet has many different personality traits. Three of these characteristics ar that Hamlet is depressed, clever, and hesitant. Throughout the play you flowerpot see these characteristics in Hamlet many times.     It is obvious that Hamlet is depressed in this play. His depression notify be seen in Act I persuasion II lines 129-132, when Hamlet says"O that this too too solid flesh would melt,Thaw and resolve itself into a dewOr that the Everlasting had not fixdHis cannon gainst self-slaughter O God God"In these lines Hamlet says that he would like to commit suicide, alone cannot because of the way suicide is looked upon in gods eyes. More of Hamlets depression can be seen in Act III scene I lines 56-61 when Hamlet says"To be, or not to be that is the questionWhether tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them? To die to slee pNo more"In this soliloquy Hamlet one time again talks about suicide. He says he would like to get rid of his endless troubles by killing himself, because in death he can sleep and have no worries.     Hamlet also shows that he is clever in this play. One way that Hamlets cleverness is shown in this play is the way that he reacts after he sees his fathers ghost for the first time. He makes Horatio and Marcellus swear that they did not see the ghost and to also swear that they will not reveal that Hamlet is only pretending to be insane. You can also see how Hamlet is clever in his plan to reveal Claudius as his fathers murderer. In his plan the players that are visiting the castle will reenact the murder of Hamlets father in the lines that Hamlet has written for them. This plan works because when Claudius sees the reenactment he runs out of the room in fright, revealing to Hamlet and everyone else that Claudius did indeed murder Hamlet I.    & nbspHamlet is also hesitant in this play. This is seen when Hamlet is about to kill Claudius. Hamlet wants to kill Claudius, but decides not to when he sees Claudius repenting his sins. This can be seen in Act III scene III lines 74-79 when Hamlet says"Now might I do it pat, outright he is praying

Mafia as Government Essay -- essays papers

Mafia as GovernmentHistory and Introduction The history of the Mafia began in the ninth century, when a secret society was formed to protect the people of Sicily. Sicily was occupied by Arab forces. A group of Sicilians fled into the countryside to escape, and later to fight, the encroaching forces.This group became the Mafia The groups original intentions were to create a sense of loyalty and respect for tradition, culture and family. The Mafia protected its members interests and promoted protected individuals and businesses in exchange for loyalty and monetary tribute. As time passed, and the Mafia expanded to the Americas, the Mafia became more criminal, engaging in provision of illegal services and collection of taxes in defiance of the authorized government. It is the purpose of this work to argue that the Mafia, a criminal organization, meets the criteria to be considered a government. The terms Mafia or inner circle aimd in this work should be conside red to be synonymous and to refer to the American Mafia. The Mafias structure is similar in nature to a feudal government system, with agents reporting to regional governors, who in turn report to the organizations leader. While the mob whitethorn or may not possess an overall head, individual regions of the mob may be thought of as a form of local government. The Mafia, as it is currently being discussed, exists within the confines of the United States, and thus may be in competition with, or at least overlapping the geographic areas of other government systems. Definitions of GovernmentAyn Rand has much to say on the priggish function of government, but it is unclear as to what she considers a formal definitionon of what exactly categorizes an organization as a government. Her most specific response to the question appears in the opening sentence of The Nature of Government. The opinion is that the use of force and the enforcement of rules should be limited to government. (Ran d)Randall Holcombe references Robert Dahl and Max Weber, summarizing their points of view that a monopoly on the use of force in a given area is the defining characteristic of government, thus adding a spatial characteristic to the definition. Holcombe further points out that obviously a monopoly on the use of coercive force is not required as can be seen from examples of ov... ...orms of government will die out over time, so the Mafia must be relatively efficient. Regardless, efficiency is quite obviously NOT a requirement to be considered a government.ConclusionOf course all number of normative arguments may be raised as to the relative fairness of Mafia governance. That it lacks some air of legitamacy or morality is not at issue. The Mafia lacks a constitution, thus enabling a wide range of government action. Rights are accorded to citizens at the whim of government agents, laws may unknown and erratically enforced, shifts within the leadership of government may be violent a nd have unstabilizing effects on the region. However, none of these points are at issue hither. The argument here is not that the Mafia is the best government, or even a good government. It is simply that it meets an objective criteria to be considered as a government. BibliographyHolcombe, Randall G., The Distinction Between Clubs and Governments, in TheEconomic Foundations of Government, New York New York University Press, 1994 (Chapter 5)Rand, Ayn, The Nature of Government, The Virtue of Selfishness. New York Signet Books, 1964, pp 107-115

The Agricultural Revolution Essay -- Essays Papers

The Agricultural Revolution The agricultural revolution of the nineteenth century was caused by many important factors. sooner the revolution, people working in the farms were living entirely on what they could produce. Most farmers were extremely hesitant to make any changes in the methods they had been using for farming mainly because, although the payoff would be fairly large, if it didnt work, the mistakes could cost them their lives (Kagen). Farmers in the nineteenth century had several problems to deal with. One of the biggest problems was the fact that they were subject to the whims of nature. If there was a specially bad storm, the crops for the year could be lost. If this happened, the family would be left with whatever food they had stored. Unfortunately, there was usually very little food left in storage, since they were need to pay taxes on the land they worked, and that was usual ly paid in grain. There was usually no extra food, other than what they stored for the win...

The Agricultural Revolution Essay -- Essays Papers

The Agricultural Revolution The agricultural revolution of the nineteenth century was caused by legion(predicate) important factors. Before the revolution, people working in the farms were living entirely on what they could produce. Most farmers were extremely hesitant to make any changes in the methods they had been victimisation for farming mainly because, although the payoff would be fairly large, if it didnt work, the mistakes could cost them their lives (Kagen). Farmers in the nineteenth century had several problems to deal with. One of the biggest problems was the fact that they were subject to the whims of nature. If in that respect was a particularly bad storm, the crops for the year could be lost. If this happened, the family would be left hand with whatever food they had stored. Unfortunately, there was usually very little food left in storage, since they were required to pay taxes on the land they worked, and that was usually paid in grain. There was usually no extra food, other than what they stored for the win...